PP：翼状突

“Pterygoid Process”是解剖学中常被简写为PP的专业术语，主要用于医学领域，特别是在英国的相关文献与记录中更为常见。该术语的中文译为“翼状突”，通常指人体颅骨中蝶骨的一部分，因其形态类似翅膀而得名。这种缩写形式有助于提高书写效率及日常医学交流的便捷性。

The width of the pterygoid process was 12.34 mm.
翼突的宽度平均为12.34mm；
Middle nasal concha resection approach : This approach has a much broader surgical path, the anterior wall of sphenoid sinus can be opened laterally to the palatine bone and inside of pterygoid process.
4.2中鼻甲切除入路：此入路手术通道更宽广，蝶窦前壁可向侧方打开至腭骨及翼突内侧。
Conclusion The lateral pterygoid muscle, styloid process, pterygoid process and its medial, lateral pterygoid plate were important anatomical marks for CT imaging diagnosis.
结论翼外肌、茎突、翼突及其内、外侧板是CT等影像诊断的重要解剖学标志。
Method : Pterygoid process of the steel plate stretched bilaterally to hold two broken ends Of spiral fracture of the distal end of the fibula.
方法：钢板两侧伸出弧形翼，以合抱腓骨下段螺旋骨折的两断端。
Conclusions : ( 1 ) Medial pterygoid muscle, levator palatini muscle, tensor palatini muscle, pharyngotympanic tube, internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein and styloid process were important anatomical marks for imaging diagnosis of MRI.
结论：（1）翼内肌、腭帆提肌、腭帆张肌、咽鼓管、颈内动脉、颈内静脉及茎突是MRI等影像诊断的重要解剖学标志。

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