ChM：外科学硕士

“Master of Surgery”（外科学硕士）在学术与医学领域常缩写为ChM，这一简称便于书写和日常使用。作为外科学领域的硕士学位，该称谓广泛应用于学术文献、学位证书及专业交流中。

Conclusion : Emergency laparoscopic treatment of incarcerated stones in the gallbladder neck is safe and feasible, but to master the timing of surgery.
结论：急诊腹腔镜治疗胆囊颈管结石嵌顿是安全可行的，但要掌握好手术时机。
Conclusion : Skin cancers and benign tumors usually occur on the nose, so it is very important to master the techniques of plastic surgery to repair the defects of nose, besides removing tumors perfectly by the classical way of dermatologic surgery, Mohs Micrographic Surgery.
结论：对于发生于鼻部的皮肤恶性肿瘤及常见良性肿物除应用经典皮肤外科手段&Mohs显微外科手术完整切除肿瘤（或肿物）以外，熟练应用鼻部成形修复技术也非常重要。
Median survival period was 24.0 months. Conclusions : The surgery of huge primary liver cancer had high operative risk. For surgeons, both skillfully master of the indication and surgical skills were needed during surgery.
结论：巨大肝癌手术风险高，需要熟练掌握手术适应证和手术技巧。

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